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April 28, 2017

  • Stock market sees a massive rally when the written judgment of the Justices is released;
    • Godfather analogy is a strong signal, and local/global media is generally negative on the Sharifs;
  • Pre-election momentum via new NBP President, and instruction to banks to “do more”;
  • Turkey’s Erdogan adopts a presidential system and gains further power;
  • Macron likely to win, but rightwing France First is gaining traction;
  • Trump strikes Syria with missiles and drops the mother-of-all-bombs (MOAB) on Afghanistan;
  • Saudi King reverses austerity, and shuffles cabinet to favor his sons;
  • Pre-election boost to domestic demand could create more uncertainty about the FX market in Pakistan;
  • CPEC funding and FX repayments will continue to be a dark cloud over the project.
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March 31, 2017

  • External sector is top priority, and SBP/MoF have imposed import margins, halted forward booking (of $) & increased PoL prices;
  • Issue: can SBP hold the PKR parity till the 2018 elections?
  • Panama-Gate is keeping the stock market volatile;
  • Dismal economic outlook in the GCC and hate crimes in the US/Europe, could incentivize reverse capital flight;
  • Trump’s cabinet is fundamentally divided on deregulating Wall Street (globalists vs. nationalists);
  • Wilders (Netherlands) poor showing in the elections does not mean Europe is safe.  Differing views on immigration reveal a divided European society;
  • We formulated a scenario that shows how confusing 2018 could be:
    • PML-N calls for early elections in Dec/Jan 2018, as it cannot hold the PKR-parity;
    • Interim government does a big adjustment of the PKR;
    • Inflation spikes followed by interest rates; fiscal pressures build; Interim govt begins talks with the IMF to pacify the market, but does not have the mandate
      to commit the country to a stabilization program;
    • Inflation spikes followed by interest rates; fiscal pressures build; Interim govt begins talks with the IMF to pacify the market, but does not have the mandate
      to commit the country to a stabilization program;
    • PML-N wins the elections, and straight away goes to the IMF.
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February 27, 2017

  • External sector is now top concern, and it appears that SBP/MoF are only looking at financing the gap- not reducing the gap (short-sighted);
  • Current account deficit in 7-months of FY17 is larger than full year deficits since FY10;
  • Significant change in business sentiments compared to a month ago (driven by BoP and fixed PKR-parity);
  • PSX struggles to break 50,000;
  • Ex-pat Pakistanis are not in a good place (GCC and the West);
  • Trump’s first months has been eventful:
    • Muslim ban and court stay;
    • Deportation of illegal aliens;
    • US National Security Adviser has resigned;
    • Trump was rude to the Australian PM;
    • Trump lies about immigration unrest in Sweden;
    • Strained relations with Mexico.
  • US bull-run is not sustainable.  Also, do not think tax cuts and financial deregulation will go through;
  • Pakistan’s BoP management and the elections in 2018, will not play out well.
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January 30, 2017

  • Half year external deficit in FY17, is larger than full year deficits since FY14 (we have a problem);
  • GoP has categorically stated that it will not demonetize the 5,000 Rupee note (after India’s decision to demonetize large denomination notes on 8th November 2016);
  • Stock market continues to boom, and real estate transactions have picked up (market sentiments are bullish as the wealth effect is in full bloom);
  • Trump’s first week in the White House has:
    • killed the Trans Pacific partnership (TPP);
    • threatened Mexico;
    • emboldened rightwing European political parties;
    • witnessed mass resignations from the US State Department;
  • Public protests against President Trump’s victory are global;
  • Fiscal spending and low taxes will increase US fiscal gap and inflation (and force up US rates more than market expects);
  • Trump and Steve Bannon have already changed the US political landscape.
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December 28, 2016

  • India’s shock demonetization, though chaotic, has popular support for what it seeks to achieve;
  • Indian authorities are pushing documentation drive (raided some moneychangers; caught gold smugglers;
  • Pakistan’s senate has asked the GoP to demonetize the 5,000 Rupee note;
  • UAE move to investigate bank account holders, has scared ex-pat Pakistanis;
  • US markets are booming on promised tax cuts and deregulation.  But this will increase global imbalances (trade and currency);
  • US boom against European gloom, could create global currency uncertainty;
  • Trump’s hostility towards Iran, could trigger seismic activity in Asia (Iran, Turkey, China, Russia and Pakistan could team up).
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November 28, 2016

  • Macro conditions still stable, but BoP concerns are beginning to manifest;
  • SBP Annual Report FY16, flags concerns with stagnant exports and falling remittances;
  • Pakistan increased its external debt by $ 12 bln, but the bulk was from IFIs:
    • $ 6.6 bln from the IMF;
    • $ 2.0 bln from the World Bank;
    • $ 1.5 bln from the Asian Development Bank;
  • $ 2.0 bln from the global market (Eurobond and Sukuk).
  • FY17 growth target is 5-6%, and current account deficit at 1.5% of GDP;
  • Tangible optimism in the country with the first shipment out of Gwadar Port;
  • Although Trump will favor India, do not expect much action as this will provoke a sharp reaction by China (because of CPEC);
  • Could Trump champion a global move towards xenophobia, racism and hardline law & order?
  • Trump’s cabinet reveals that he will remain anti-immigrant and anti-Muslim;
  • European fragmentation now more likely after Trump’s win.
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October 20, 2016

  • FX reserves have plateaued & exports remain a concern;
  • PKR/$ still too stable;
  • If inflation remains subdued as projected, there is no reason for SBP to increase interest rates till FY19;
  • Optimism about the economy recently boosted by China’s strong support for Pakistan at the BRICS summit in Goa;
  • China has encouraged Iran to join CPEC;
  • US presidential race is still a circus. Even if Trump loses, he will have changed the political landscape in the US.
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September 27, 2016

  • Macro conditions remain stable, but BoP concerns have started;
  • Real estate market has dried up and lobbyists are pushing the government to back off from promised valuation changes;
  • Since real estate is the main source of parking undocumented money, informal economy is not getting sufficient financing;
  • BoP gap is twice as large as in FY16. Pressure is building on SBP to have a more proactive PKR policy;
  • GoP is retiring its borrowing from commercial banks.  This means bank margins are narrowing, which could reduce profitability;
  • Sense of optimism about economy has given way to concerns about the external sector;
  • US presidential elections could still surprise;
  • Fears of European fragmentation are very real.
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August 30, 2016

  • Successful completion of 3-year IMF program;
  • Do not foresee an unexpected change in SBP’s monetary policy, and a passive monetary stance in FY17;
  • Policy to move towards proper valuation of real estate could be a significant step forward;
  • ADB funding for energy sector reforms look promising;
  • Strong consumption spending reflected in automobiles, electronics and construction;
  • Official macro projections not yet announced for FY17;
  • Brexit should not impact Pakistan, but forthcoming US elections are frightening.
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July 29, 2016

  • Macro conditions are positive, PKR is stable and FX reserves are at record highs;
  • Political differences between the US and Pakistan should not adversely impact the closure of the IMF program;
  • GoP negotiating with real estate association about making property valuations more accurate.  We think this is a very positive step, which will enhance documentation, create white money and create some balance in real estate values;
  • GoP is now pushing towards divestiture, not privatization.  This effectively means that legislative constraints, labor strikes and political opposition are deemed insurmountable by the encumbent government;
  • Economic sentiments remain optimistic (FX reserves; stable PKR; low/soft inflation & successful IMF program);
  • Full year macro projections (for FY17) will be announced after the IMF’s post-program monitoring
  • Frexit would be much more disruptive than Brexit, as this would be the end of the Euro;
  • UK after Brexit will be saved by the English language and English Law.
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